Technical notes and assessments. Every claim comes with its primary source.
Examines gross margin trends using financial reports and filings from Taiwan's Market Observation Post System (MOPS).
From the photoelectric effect to antibunching: the three criteria that force light to be treated as a quantum field — single-photon level, non-classical correlations (g(2)(0) < 1), and vacuum fluctuations — plus the HBT measurement method.
Follow a consistent phase-encoded decoy-state BB84 example from two-bin states and SPAD events to authenticated processing; distinguish detection, QBER and finite-key security.
See how clock-aligned waveforms form an eye, compare noise, jitter and ISI on common scales, and read eye height/width with stated statistical rules. Eye appearance alone does not establish BER.
Four figures connect specialty-fiber structures to PM alignment, double-clad pumping and effective mode area. Distinguish physical core size, MFD, pump-launch channels and M², and read named-product specs with their test conditions.
How relative grating displacement becomes quadrature signals and a fine output step: connected transmission optics, grating overlap, sine/cosine phase and interpolation. Distinguish signal period, grating period, resolution and accuracy.
An optical transceiver is the standardized interface between switches and fiber: transmitter (laser + driver + modulation), receiver (photodetector + TIA + DSP), the IM-DD and coherent routes, SFP-to-OSFP packaging, and silicon-photonics integration. This article breaks down the full architecture of a modern module.
The core question of high-power manufacturing lasers: how to keep near-diffraction-limited beam quality at kilowatt-level power. The answer is MOPA — the seed sets beam quality, the amplifier sets power, and the two are decoupled; combined with multi-stage Yb-doped fiber amplification, pump combining, and isolators, verified with a concrete JPT optical path.
See how clock-aligned waveforms form an eye, compare noise, jitter and ISI on common scales, and read eye height/width with stated statistical rules. Eye appearance alone does not establish BER.
Four figures connect specialty-fiber structures to PM alignment, double-clad pumping and effective mode area. Distinguish physical core size, MFD, pump-launch channels and M², and read named-product specs with their test conditions.
Separate EOM mechanisms, MZ/ring readout structures and material platforms. Compare demonstrated rates with their format, bias, BER/FEC criteria and energy boundary.
How relative grating displacement becomes quadrature signals and a fine output step: connected transmission optics, grating overlap, sine/cosine phase and interpolation. Distinguish signal period, grating period, resolution and accuracy.
How a voice coil creates axial force, why a carriage still needs guidance, how coil/field overlap sets useful travel, and why sustained force causes heating.
A linear motor applies force directly to the carriage with no screw in between, eliminating lead error and backlash; positioning precision is then set by the optical linear encoder and rails, so it can reach sub-micron. A coreless mover avoids detent force and is smoothest; an iron-core mover gives more force but has cogging. The cost is higher price, mover mass affecting acceleration, and a magnetic field that needs shielding.
From the photoelectric effect to antibunching: the three criteria that force light to be treated as a quantum field — single-photon level, non-classical correlations (g(2)(0) < 1), and vacuum fluctuations — plus the HBT measurement method.
The vertical cavity (two DBR mirrors) lets VCSELs be tested at wafer level and built into arrays; combined with the 850 nm multimode ecosystem, that makes them the most economical short-reach data-center laser. This article breaks down the structure, manufacturing advantages, mainstream wavelengths, and reach limits.
Cavity structure sets spectral purity; modulation method sets speed. FPLD is cheapest but multimode, DFB is the stable single-mode workhorse behind WDM, and EML integrates a high-speed modulator on one chip. Together they form a cost × speed ladder, each matched to different links.
Examines gross margin trends using financial reports and filings from Taiwan's Market Observation Post System (MOPS).
Collects capacity and capex data disclosed at investor conferences and in annual reports.
Compares statements made at investor conferences against MOPS filings.